Trade models

Processing trade

Processing trade is the model in which a company imports materials, processes them and re-exports the finished goods under customs supervision through a handbook or ledger. Tranexio’s processing trade module covers imported-material and supplied-material processing, handbook registration, unit consumption, onward processing transfers and write-off, with connectivity to Golden Customs Phase II through the integration hub.

Key points

  • Imported and supplied materials modelled separately

    Imported-material and supplied-material processing are sub-types of the regulatory model, so title to materials, settlement and accounting treatment follow the sub-type automatically.

  • Handbooks and registration

    The electronic handbook records registered materials, finished products and unit consumption, and import and export declarations automatically draw down the handbook balance.

  • Unit consumption

    Standard and actual unit consumption are maintained across multi-level BOMs, with alerts when actual consumption exceeds the threshold, so variances do not surface only at write-off.

  • Onward transfers and outsourcing

    When finished goods become another company’s materials, the two handbooks are linked for the transfer; materials and fees for outsourced processing are recorded separately.

  • Balance sheet and write-off

    Materials in, products out, leftover materials and scrap form a balance sheet, with a self-check before filing for verification to reduce write-off variances.

The problem

The hard part of processing trade is keeping the books balanced: materials in, products out, unit consumption, leftovers, scrap and onward transfers must reconcile at all times, and any mismatch comes to light all at once at handbook write-off. Many companies rely on a customs officer’s personal spreadsheets, and knowledge is lost at every handover.

What the platform does

Step How Tranexio handles it
Modelling Regulatory model “processing trade”, with sub-types imported-material and supplied-material processing; commercial model own-account, subcontracted or contract processing
Registration Registration of materials, finished products and unit consumption, with multi-level BOMs
Import and export Declarations for imported materials and exported products automatically draw down the handbook balance
Transfers Onward processing transfers link two handbooks; outsourced processing recorded separately
Write-off Balance sheet, pre-filing self-check and handbook write-off

The underlying supervision ledgers can connect to Golden Customs Phase II; customs supervision codes are explained under regulatory model.

Key controls

  • Declarations are blocked when the handbook balance is insufficient.
  • Excess actual unit consumption triggers an alert, and changes require approval and are logged.
  • Accounting treatment for imported-material and supplied-material processing follows the sub-type automatically.

The processing trade module is fully featured and can be configured in each project to match how the company manages its handbooks or ledgers. The bonded logistics document chain (ledgers, verification lists and gate passes) will follow the roadmap.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between imported-material and supplied-material processing in the system?

In imported-material processing (进料加工) you buy the materials and re-export after processing; materials and products are yours and accounted for as own-account. In supplied-material processing (来料加工) the principal supplies the materials and you earn a processing fee; materials stay out of your inventory and processing revenue is recognised net. Both are sub-types under the processing trade regulatory model.

Can Tranexio connect to electronic handbooks on Golden Customs Phase II?

Connectivity is available. Processing-trade handbooks and registration data connect to Golden Customs Phase II (金关二期) through standard connectors on the integration hub; the actual filing channel is opened and tested in each project to suit the company’s environment.

What happens if unit consumption is exceeded?

The system compares standard and actual unit consumption material by material and alerts as soon as the variance reaches the threshold, prompting a review of wastage or an application to change unit consumption, so variances do not all surface at handbook write-off.

Can processing-trade exports claim a tax refund?

For exports under the processing trade regulatory model, the refund rules engine decides whether a refund applies under processing-trade rules and enables the corresponding handling automatically. Supplied-material processing is usually exempt rather than refunded; the applicable tax rules prevail.

Related

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Updated 2026-10-06